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Recommended Readings

Adelman, I. (2001). Fallacies in development theory and their implications for policy. In G. Meier and J. Stiglitz (Eds.), Frontiers of development economics: The future in perspective (pp. 103–134). Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Amin, S. (1982). The disarticulation of the economy within “developing societies.” In H. Alavi and T. Shanin (Eds.), Introduction to the sociology of “developing societies” (pp. 205–209). London: Macmillan.

Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities. London and New York: Verso.

Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press.

Apple, M. W. (1982). Education and power. Boston: ARK.

——— . (1990). Ideology and curriculum (second edition). New York and London: Routledge.

———. (1993). Official knowledge: Democratic education in a conservative age. New York and London: Routledge.

Arnove, R. F. & Torres, C. A. (Eds.). (1999). Comparative education: The dialectic of the global and the local. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Ball, S. J. (1994). Education reform: A critical and post-structural approach. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.

Barnett, M. (2002). Eyewitness to a genocide: The United Nations and Rwanda. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Basu, A. M. (1999). Poverty and AIDS: The vicious circle. In M. Livi-Bacci and G. De Santis (Eds.), Population and poverty in the developing world (pp. 144–160). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bledsoe, C. (1990). School fees and the marriage process for Mende girls in Sierra Leone. In P. R. Sanday and R. G. Goodenough (Eds.), Beyond the second sex: New directions in the anthropology of gender (pp. 284–309). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

———. (2002). Contingent lives: Fertility, time, and aging in West Africa. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.

Bledsoe, C. H., & Cohen, B. (1993). Social dynamics of adolescent fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Boli, J., & Ramirez, F. (1992). Compulsory schooling in the western cultural context: Essence and variation. In R. F. Arnove, P. G. Altbach, and G. P. Kelly (Eds.), Emergent issues in education: Comparative perspectives (pp. 25–38). Albany: SUNY Press.

Bond, G. C., Kreniske, J., Susser, I., & Vincent, J. (Eds.) (1997). The anthropology of AIDS in Africa and the Caribbean. Boulder: Westview.

Bond, G. C., & Ciekawy, D. M. (Eds.) (2001). Witchcraft dialogues: Anthropological and philosophical exchanges. Athens, OH: Ohio University Center for International Studies.

Bond, G. C., & Gibson, N. C. (Eds.). Contested terrains and constructed categories: Contemporary Africa in focus. Boulder: Westview Press.

Boserup, E. (1970). Woman's role in economic development. New York: St. Martin's.

Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

———. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. (1976). Schooling in capitalist America. New York: Basic Books.

Boym, S. (2001). The future of nostalgia. New York: Basic Books.

Bradley, C. (1995). Women's empowerment and fertility decline in western Kenya. In S. Greenhalgh (Ed.), Situating fertility: Anthropology and demographic inquiry (pp. 157–178). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Brock-Utne, B. (2002). Language, democracy and education in Africa. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.

——— . (2000). Whose education for all? The recolonialization of the African mind. New York and London: Falmer.

Buchert, L. (1994). Education in the development of Tanzania, 1919–1990. London: James Currey.

Burawoy, M. et al. (Eds.). (2000). Global ethnography: Forces, connections, and imaginations in a postmodern world. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Burbules, N. C., & Torres, C. A. (2000). Globalization and education: Critical perspectives. New York and London: Routledge.

Caldwell, J. C. (1998). Mass education and fertility decline. In P. Demeny and G. McNicoll (Eds.), The reader in population and development (pp. 42–56). New York: St. Martin’s.

Callaghy, T. M., Kassimir, R., & Latham, R. (Eds.) (2001). Intervention and transnationalism in Africa : Global-local networks of power. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Cardoso, F. H., & Faletto, E. (1979). Dependency and development in Latin America. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Cleland, J. G., & van Ginneken, J. (1988). Maternal education and child survival in developing countries: The search for pathways of influence. Social Science and Medicine 27(12), 1357–1368.

Cochrane, S. H. (1979). Fertility and education: What do we really know? Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Colwell, A. S. C. (2001). Vision and revision: Demography, material and child health development, and the representation of native women in colonial Tanzania. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Cooksey, B. (2003). Marketing reform? The rise and fall of agricultural liberalisation in Tanzania. Development Policy Review 21(1), 67–91.

Cooper, F., & Stoler, A. L. (Eds.). (1997). Tensions of empire: Colonial cultures in a bourgeois world. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Coulson, A. (1982). Tanzania: A political economy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Cremin, L. (1978). Family-community linkages in American education: Some comments on the recent historiography. Teachers College Record 79(4), 683–704.

Dexter, E. R., LeVine, S. E., & Velasco, P. M. (1998). Maternal schooling and health-related language and literacy skills in rural Mexico. Comparative Education Review 42(2), 130–162.

Donovan, J. (1994). Feminist theory: The intellectual traditions of American feminism. New York: Continuum.

Edwards, M. (1999). Future positive: International co-operation in the 21st century. London: Earthscan.

Edwards, M., & Hulme, D. (1998). Too close for comfort? The impact of official aid on nongovernmental organizations. Current Issues in Comparative Education 1(1) [Online]. Available at: http://www.tc.columbia.edu/CICE/articles/medh111.htm [Retrieved February 21, 2003].

Elyachar, J. (2002). Empowerment money: The World Bank, non-governmental organizations, and the value of culture in Egypt. Public Culture 14(3), 493–513.

Escobar, A. (1995). Encountering development: The making and unmaking of the Third World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

———. (1996). Constructing nature: Elements for a poststructural political economy. In R. Peet and M. Watts (Eds.), Liberation ecologies: Environment, development, social movements (pp. 46–68). London and New York: Routledge.

Farmer, P. (1992). AIDS and accusation: Haiti and the geography of blame. Berkeley: University of California Press.

———. (1996). Women, poverty, and AIDS. In P. Farmer, M. Connors, and J. Simmons (Eds.), Women, poverty, and AIDS (pp. 3–38). Monroe, ME: Common Courage.

———. (1999). Infections and inequalities: The modern plague. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Feinberg, W., & Soltis, J. F. (1998). School and society. New York and London: Teachers College Press.

Ferguson, J. (1994). The anti-politics machine: "Development," depoliticization, and bureaucratic power in Lesotho. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press.

———. (1999). Expectations of modernity: Myths and meanings of urban life on the Zambian copperbelt. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Fisher, W. F. (1997). Doing good? The politics and antipolitics of NGO practice. Annual Review of Anthropology, 26, 439–464.

Foucault, M. (1980). Power/knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings. New York: Pantheon.

———. (1991). Politics and the study of discourse. In G. Burchell, C. Gordon, and P. Miller (Eds.), The Foucault effect: Studies in governmentality (pp. 53–72). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Frank, A. G. (1967). Sociology of development and underdevelopment of sociology. London: Pluto.

Fraser, N., & Gordon, L. (1994). A genealogy of dependency: Tracing a keyword of the U.S. welfare state. Signs 19(2), 309–336.

Gage, A. J. (2000). Female empowerment and adolescent demographic behaviour. In H. B. Presser and G. Sen (Eds.), Women's empowerment and demographic processes (pp. 186–203). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Gage, A. J., & Bledsoe, C. H. (1994). The effects of education and social stratification on marriage and the transition to parenthood in Freetown, Sierra Leone. In C. H. Bledsoe and G. Pison (Eds.), Nuptiality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Contemporary anthropological and demographic perspectives (pp. 148–164). Oxford: Clarendon.

Gandhi, L. (1998). Postcolonial theory: A critical introduction. New York: Columbia University Press.

Gillingham, M. E. (1999). Gaining access to water: Formal and working rules of indigenous irrigation management on Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Natural Resources Journal 39(3), 419–441.

Glewwe, P. (1999). Why does mother’s schooling raise child health in developing countries? Evidence from Morocco. The Journal of Human Resources 34(1), 124–159.

Graff, H. (1979). Literacy, education, and fertility, past and present: A critical review. Population and Development Review 5(1), 105–140.

Greene, R. W. (1999). Malthusian worlds: U.S. leadership and the governing of the population crisis. Boulder: Westview.

Greenhalgh, S. (1995). Anthropology theorizes reproduction: Integrating practice, political economic, and feminist perspectives. In S. Greenhalgh (Ed.), Situating fertility: Anthropology and demographic inquiry (pp. 3–28). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Grove, A. (1993). Water use by the Chagga on Kilimanjaro. African Affairs 92(368), 431–448.

Gupta, A. (1998). Postcolonial developments: Agriculture in the making of modern India. Durham, NC, and London: Duke University Press.

Hall, S., Critcher, C., Jefferson, T., Clarke, J., & Roberts, B. (1978). Policing the crisis: Mugging, the state, and law and order. New York: Holmes and Meier.

Hardt, M., & Negri, A. (2000). Empire. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press.

Hartsock, N. (1990). Foucault on power: A theory for women? In L. J. Nicholson (Ed.), Feminism/postmodernism (pp. 157–175). New York and London: Routledge.

Held, D., McGrew, A., Goldblatt, D., & Perraton, J. (1999). Global transformations: Politics, economics and culture. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Heilman, B. (1998). Who are the indigenous Tanzanians? Competing conceptions of Tanzanian citizenship in the business community. Africa Today 45(3–4), 369–387.

Hodgson, D. L., & McCurdy, S. A. (Eds.). (2001). “Wicked” women and the reconfiguration of gender in Africa. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

Hollos, M. (1991). Migration, education, and the status of women in southern Nigeria. American Anthropologist 93(4), 852–870.

Hollos, M., & Larsen, U. (1997). From lineage to conjugality: The social context of fertility decisions among the Pare of northern Tanzania. Social Science and Medicine 45(3), 361–372.

Howard, M. T., & Millard, A. V. (1997). Hunger and shame: Poverty and child malnutrition on Mount Kilimanjaro. New York and London: Routledge.

Hyden, G. (1980). Beyond ujamaa in Tanzania: Underdevelopment and an uncaptured peasantry. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Inkeles, A. (1998). One world emerging? Convergence and divergence in industrial societies. Boulder: Westview.

Inkeles, A., & Smith, D. H. (1974). Becoming modern: Individual change in six developing countries. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Jacobs, M. (1994). The limits to neoclassicism: Towards an institutional environmental economics. In M. Redclift and T. Benton (Eds.), Social theory and the global environment (pp. 67–91). London and New York: Routledge.

Jejeebhoy, S. J. (1995). Women's education, autonomy, and reproductive behaviour: Experience from developing countries. Oxford: Clarendon.

Jennings, M. (2001). ‘Development is a very political thing in Tanzania’: Oxfam & the Chunya Integrated Development Programme: 1972–76. In O. Barrow and M. Jennings (Eds.), The charitable impulse: NGOs and development in East and North-East Africa (pp. 109–132). Oxford: James Currey and Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian.

Jones, P. W. (1997). On World Bank education financing. Comparative Education 33(1), 117–129.

Kabeer, N. (1994). Reversed realities: Gender hierarchies in development thought. New York: Verso.

Kamat, S. (2002). Development hegemony: NGOs and the state in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Kelsall, T. (2001). Donors, NGOs & the state: Governance & ‘civil society’ in Tanzania. In O. Barrow and M. Jennings (Eds.), The charitable impulse: NGOs and development in East and North-East Africa (pp. 133–148). Oxford: James Currey and Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian.

Knodel, J. (2003). The closing of the gender gap in schooling: The case of Thailand. In E. R. Beauchamp (Ed.), Comparative education reader (pp. 183–215). New York and London: RoutledgeFalmer.

Komba-Malekela, B., & Liljestrom, R. (1994). Looking for men. In Z. Tumbo-Masabo and R. Liljestrom (Eds.), Chelewa, chelewa: The dilemma of teenage girls (pp. 133–149). Sweden: The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies.

Kumar, A. (1992). On their own two feet: Women and reproduction in Rajasthan. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.

Larsen, U. (1996). Childlessness, subfertility, and infertility in Tanzania. Studies in Family Planning 27(1), 18–28.

Lassibille, G., Tan, J-P, & Sumra, S. (2000). Expansion of private secondary education: Lessons from recent experience in Tanzania. Comparative Education Review 44(1), 1–28.

Lema, A. A. (1968). The Lutheran church’s contribution to education in Kilimanjaro 1893–1933. Tanganyika Notes and Records, 68, 87–94.

LeVine, R. A. (1999). Literacy and population change. In D. A. Wagner, Venezky, R. L, and Street, B. V. (Eds.), Literacy: An international handbook (pp. 300–305). Boulder: Westview.

LeVine, R. A., LeVine, S. E., Richman, A., Uribe, F. M. T., Correa, C. S., & Miller, P. M. (1991). Women's schooling and child care in the demographic transition: A Mexican case study. Population and Development Review 17(3), 459–496.

Levinson, B., & Holland, D. (1996). The cultural production of the educated person: An introduction. In B. A. Levinson, D. E. Foley, and D. C. Holland (Eds.), The cultural production of the educated person: Critical ethnographies of schooling and local practice (pp. 1–54). Albany: SUNY Press.

Levinson, B. A. U., & Sutton, M. (2001). Introduction: Policy as/in practice—A sociocultural approach to the study of educational policy. In M. Sutton and B. Levinson (Eds.), Policy as practice: Toward a comparative sociocultural analysis of educational policy (pp. 1–22). Westport, CT: Ablex.

Lloyd, C. B., & Blanc, A. K. (1996). Children's schooling in sub-Saharan Africa: The role of father, mothers, and others. Population and Development Review 22(2), 265–298.

Lutz, C., & Collins, J. (1993). Reading National Geographic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Maarifa ni Ufunguo [Knowledge Is the Key]. (2001). Cost sharing: A case study of education in Kilimanjaro. Unpublished manuscript. Arusha, Tanzania.

Maddox, G., Giblin, J. L., & Kimambo, I. N. (Eds.). (1996). Custodians of the land : ecology & culture in the history of Tanzania. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press.

Mahmud, S., & Johnston, A. M. (1994). Women’s status, empowerment, and reproductive outcomes. In G. Sen, A. Germain, and L. C. Chen (Eds.), Population policies reconsidered: Health, empowerment, and rights (pp. 151–159). Boston: Harvard School of Public Health.

Markovitz, I. L. (2002). Civit society, pluralism, Goldilocks, and other fairy tales in Africa. In G. C. Bond and N. C. Gibson (Eds.), Contested terrains and constructed categories: Contemporary Africa in focus (pp. 117-144). Boulder: Westview.

Maro, P. S. (1974). Population and land resources in Northern Tanzania: The dynamics of change 1920–1970. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Minnesota.

Mason, K. O. (1984). The status of women: A review of its relationships to fertility and morality. New York: Rockefeller.

Mbilinyi, M. (1998). Searching for utopia: The politics of gender and education in Tanzania. In M. N. Bloch, J. A. Beoku-Betts, and B. R. Tabachnick (Eds.), Women and education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Power, opportunities, and constraints (pp. 277–295). Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

McMichael, P. (1996). Development and social change: A global perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge.

Meier, G. M. (2001). The old generation of development economists and the new. In G. M. Meier and J. E. Stiglitz (Eds.), Frontiers of development economics (pp. 13–50). Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Meyer, H. (1891). Across East African glaciers: An account of the first ascent of Kilimanjaro. London: George Philip & Son.

Meyer, J. W., Ramirez, F. O., Rubinson, R., & Boli-Bennett, J. (1977). The world education revolution 1950–1970. Sociology of Education, 50, 242–258.

Mohanty, C. T. (1991). Under western eyes: Feminist scholarship and colonial discourses. In C. T. Mohanty, A. Russo, and L. Torres (Eds.), Third world women and the politics of feminism (pp. 51–80). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Moore, S. F. (1986). Social facts and fabrications: "Customary" law on Kilimanjaro, 1880–1980. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Moser, C. (1989). Gender planning in the Third World: Meeting practical and strategic gender needs. World Development 17(11), 1799–1825.

Mosgrove, D. L. (1998). Watering African moons: Culture and history of irrigation design on Kilimanjaro and beyond. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Cornell University.

Mtesigwa, P. (2001). Tanzania's educational language policy: The medium of instruction at the secondary level. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Teachers College, Columbia University.

Mumford, W. B. (1929). Education and the social adjustment of the primitive peoples of Africa to European culture. Africa II(2), 138–159.

Mutua, K., & Swadener, B. B. (forthcoming). Decolonizing research in cross-cultural contexts: Critical personal narratives. New York: SUNY Press.

Neumann, R. P. (1998). Imposing wilderness: Struggles over livelihood and nature preservation in Africa. Berkeley: University of California Press.

New, C. (1873 [1970]). Life, wanderings, and labours in eastern Africa. London: Frank Cass and Company Limited.

Nyerere, J. K. (1962 [1968]). Ujamaa: The basis of African socialism. In J. K. Nyerere (Ed.), Ujamaa: Essays on socialism (pp. 1–12). Dar es Salaam: Oxford University Press.

———. (1967a [1968]). The Arusha Declaration. In J. K. Nyerere (Ed.), Ujamaa: Essays on socialism (pp. 13–37). Dar es Salaam: Oxford University Press.

———. (1967b [1968]). Education for self-reliance. Ujamaa: Essays on socialism (pp. 44–75). Dar es Salaam: Oxford University Press.

Ong, A. (1987). Spirits of resistance and capitalist discipline: Factory women in Malaysia. Albany: SUNY Press.

Parpart, J. L., & Marchand, M. H. (1995). Exploding the canon. In M. H. Marchand and J. L. Parpart (Eds.), Feminism/postmodernism/development (pp. 1–22). New York: Routledge.

Peet, R. (with E. Hartwick). (1999). Theories of development. New York and London: Guilford.

Pennycook, A. (1998). English and the discourses of colonialism. London and New York: Routledge.

Peterson, R. B. (2000). Conversations in the rainforest: Culture, values, and the environment in Central Africa. Boulder: Westview.

Pigg, S. L. (1992). Inventing social categories through place: Social representations and development in Nepal. Society for Comparative Study of Society and History 34(3), 491–513.

———. (1997). Found in most traditional societies: Traditional medical practitioners between culture and development. In F. Cooper and R. Packard (Eds.), International development and the social sciences: Essays on the history and politics of knowledge (pp. 259–290). Berkeley: University of California Press.

Pitman, G. K. (2002). Bridging troubled waters: Assessing the World Bank water resource strategy. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Ponte, S. (1998). Fast crops, fast cash: Market liberalization and rural livelihoods in Songea and Morogoro Districts, Tanzania. Canadian Journal of African Studies 32(2), 316–348.

———. (2002). Farmers and markets in Tanzania. Oxford: James Currey.

Popkewitz, T. S. (1984). Paradigm & ideology in educational research. London and New York: Falmer.

———. (Ed.) (1993). Changing patterns of power: Social regulation and teacher education reform. Albany: SUNY Press.

———. (2000). Globalization/regionalization, knowledge, and the educational practices. In T. S. Popkewitz (Ed.), Educational knowledge: Changing relationships between the state, civil society, and the educational community (pp. 3–27). Albany: SUNY Press.

Popkewitz, T. S., Franklin, B. M., & Pereyra, M. A. (Eds.). (2001). Cultural history and education: Critical essays on knowledge and schooling. New York and London: Routledge.

Power, S. (2003). “A problem from hell”: America and the age of genocide. New York: Basic Books.

Ramirez, F. O., & Boli, J. (1987). The political construction of mass education: European origins and worldwide institutionalization. Sociology of Education, 60, 2–17.

Richey, L. A. (1999). "Development," gender and family planning: Population politics and the Tanzanian national population policy. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.

———. (2001). Does economic policy conflict with population policy? A case study of reproductive health in Tanzania. Working paper 01.7. Copenhagen: Centre for Development Research.

Rogers, S. G. (1972). The search for political focus on Kilimanjaro: A history of Chagga politics, 1916–1952, with special reference to the cooperative movement and indirect rule. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Dar es Salaam.

Rostow, W. W. (1960). The stages of economic growth: A non-communist manifesto. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Rothenberg, D. A. (2001). Positioned perspectives: Understanding childhood malnutrition in Niger. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University.

Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books.

Salzinger, L. (2003). Genders in production: Making workers in Mexico’s global factories. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Samoff, J. (1987). School expansion in Tanzania: Private initiatives and public policy. Comparative Education Review 31(3), 333–360.

———. (1990). "Modernizing" a socialist vision: Education in Tanzania. In M. Carnoy and J. Samoff (Eds.), Education and social transition in the Third World (pp. 209–273). Princeton: Princeton University Press.

———. (Ed.) (1994). Coping with crisis: Austerity, adjustment and human resources. Paris: UNESCO.

———. (1999). No teacher guide, no textbooks, no chairs: Contending with crisis in African education. Paper presented at the 43rd Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, November 11–14.

Saunders, K. (Ed.). Feminist post-development thought: Rethinking modernity, post-colonialism and representation. London and New York: Zed.

Scheper-Hughes, N. (1992). Death without weeping: The violence of everyday life in Brazil. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Scheper-Hughes, N., & Sargent, C. (Eds.). (1998). Small wars: The cultural politics of childhood. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Schoepf, B. G. (1998). Inscribing the body politic: Women and AIDS in Africa. In M. Lock and P. A. Kaufert (Eds.), Pragmatic women and body politics (pp. 98–126). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Schriewer, J. (2000). World system and interrelationship networks: The internationalization of education and the role of comparative inquiry. In T. S. Popkewitz (Ed.), Educational knowledge: Changing relations between the state, civil society, and the educational community (pp. 305–343). New York: SUNY Press.

Sen, A. K. (1999). Development as freedom. New York: Knopf.

Sen, G., Germain, A., & Chen, L. C. (1994). Population policies reconsidered: Health, empowerment, and rights. Boston: Harvard University Press.

Serpell, R. (1993). The significance of schooling: Life-journeys in an African society. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press.

Setel, P. (1999). A plague of paradoxes: AIDS, culture, and demography in northern Tanzania. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Sharma, N. P., Damhaug, T., Gilgan-Hunt, E., Grey, D., Okaru, V., & Rothberg, D. (1996). African water resources: Challenges and opportunities for sustainable development. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Sharp, L. A. (2002). The sacrificed generation: Youth, history, and the colonized mind in Madagascar. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Shore, C., & Wright, S. (Eds.) (1997). Anthropology of policy: Critical perspectives on governance and power. London and New York: Routledge.

Simmons, J., Farmer, P., & Schoepf, B. G. (1996). A global perspective. In P. Farmer, M. Connors, and J. Simmons (Eds.), Women, poverty and AIDS: Sex, drugs and structural violence (pp. 39–90). Monroe, ME: Common Courage.

So, A. Y. (1990). Social change and development: Modernization, dependency, and world-system theories. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Spear, T. T. (1997). Mountain farmers: Moral economies of land and agricultural development in Arusha & Meru. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Spivak, G. C. (1999). A critique of post-colonial reason: Toward a history of the vanishing present. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press.

Stahl, K. (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London and Paris: Mouton & Co.

Stambach, A. (1994). “Here in Africa, we teach; students listen”: Lessons about culture from Tanzania. Journal of Curriculum and Supervision 9(4), 368–385.

———. (2000). Lessons from Mount Kilimanjaro: Schooling, community, and gender in East Africa. New York: Routledge.

Steeves, H. L. (1997). Gender violence and the press: The St. Kizito story. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press.

Stiglitz, J. (2002). Globalization and its discontents. New York: Norton.

Stoller, P. (2002). Money has no smell: The Africanization of New York City. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.

Stromquist, N. P. (Ed.) (1992). Women and education in Latin America: Knowledge, power, and change. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

———. (1998). Agents in women’s education: Some trends in the African context.. In M. N. Bloch, J. A. Beoku-Betts, and B. R. Tabachnick (Eds.), Women and education in Sub-Saharan Africa:: Power, opportunities, and constraints (pp. 25–46). Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

———. (1999). The impact of structural adjustment programs in Africa and Asia. In C. Heward and S. Bunwaree (Eds.), Gender, education, and development: Beyond access to empowerment (pp. 17–32). London and New York: Zed.

Stromquist, N. P. & Monkman, K. (Eds.). (2000). Globalization and education: Integration and contestation across cultures. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Sutton, M. (2001). Policy research as ethnographic refusal: The case of women's literacy in Nepal. In M. Sutton and B. Levinson (Eds.), Policy as practice: Toward a comparative sociocultural analysis of educational policy (pp. 77–99). Westport, CT: Ablex.

Swadener, B. B. (2000). Does the village still raise the child? A collaborative study of child-rearing and early education in Kenya. Albany: SUNY Press.

Taylor, S., Rizvi, F., Lingard, B., & Henry, M. (Eds.) (1997). Educational policy and the politics of change. London and New York: Routledge.

Thomas, N. (1994). Colonialism's culture: Anthropology, travel, and government. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Todaro, M. P. (1989). Economic development in the Third World. New York and London: Longman.

Torres, C. A. (1998). Democracy, education, and multiculturalism: Dilemmas of citizenship in a global world. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Trawick, P. B. (2003). The struggle for water in Peru: Comedy and tragedy in the Andean commons. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Tripp, A. M. (1997). Changing the rules: The politics of liberalization and the urban informal economy in Tanzania. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Turshen, M. (1999). Privatizing health services in Africa. New Brunswick, NJ and London: Rutgers University Press.

Tyack, D., & Cuban, L. (1995). Tinkering toward utopia: A century of public school reform. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press.

UNESCO. (2000). The Dakar framework for action. Paris: UNESCO.

UNICEF. (1999). The state of the world’s children 1999. New York: UNICEF.

———. (2000a). The progress of nations 2000. New York: UNICEF.

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