Using Virtual Reality (VR) in Human Subjects Research
Virtual Reality (VR) technologies offer new possibilities for immersive learning, behavioral simulations, and innovative data collection—but they also introduce unique ethical, safety, and compliance concerns in human subjects research.
If you are conducting research involving VR devices or platforms (e.g., Meta Quest, HTC Vive), your study likely qualifies as human subjects research and requires IRB review.
To support you in navigating these considerations, the IRB has developed a comprehensive TC IRB Researcher Guidance for Use of Virtual Reality (VR) in Human Subjects Research, which includes:
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Categories of risk and disclosure expectations
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IRB application language tailored to VR use
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Templates for screening, safety planning, and debriefing
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Non-exculpatory waiver language
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Institutional contacts for IT, legal, accessibility, and EHS review
Key Risk Areas in VR Research
Researchers must consider and disclose risks in the following domains:
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Physical: Motion sickness, eye strain, loss of balance, aggravation of medical conditions
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Psychological: Anxiety, fear, depersonalization, exposure to intense or traumatic content
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Privacy & Data Security: Biometric tracking, third-party data collection via platforms (e.g., Meta)
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Technical: Malfunctions, software bugs, or unsafe space configurations
Institutional Collaboration Required
Before submitting a protocol involving VR, researchers are expected to consult with:
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Teachers College Information Technology (TCIT) for device configuration, data security, and institutional account setup
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Digital Futures Institute (DFI) and OASID for inclusive and accessible experience design
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Environmental Health & Safety (EHS) for physical space and equipment safety
- Office of the General Counsel (OGC) for any discussions about legal and/or liability concerns, especially when the research is happening outside of TC.
For questions or to schedule a consultation, submit a ticket via AskIRB or email irb@tc.edu.